This branch treats cancers by surgical removal of the malignant tissue and is commonly used for treating many types of Cancer. There are many different types of surgeries to cure or remove cancers. The choice of surgery depends on the type of cancer and its site.
Less invasive surgeries results in faster recovery, while super major surgical procedures like commando operations require both longer hospital admissions and recovery times. Cancers can occur in areas like:
The worst thing about cancers is that they spread all over our body. They spread directly, through blood stream and through the lymphatic system.
There are many different types of cancers. Depending on their origin or their types, they may be called melanoma, mesothelioma, carcinoma, myoma, sarcoma and so on.
Although the aim of cancer surgery is to completely remove tumours and the area/s or organs where the tumour has spread, it is not possible in many cases because of the spread of the disease. In such cases, palliative surgery is done. This aims to relieve patient’s symptoms like pain and improve function. While most other surgical procedures aim to ‘cut as less as possible’; cancer surgeons have to be more aggressive so as to try and remove not only the cancerous tissue but also a little bit of healthy tissue as well as a safety measure.
Surgery helps remove the major portion of the tumour. It is an effective way of completely treating many types of cancer. However, surgery cannot prevent further growth of cancer. So chemotherapy [medical treatment of cancer] and radiation therapy [treating cancer with radiation] is often done after cancer surgery.
Less invasive surgeries results in faster recovery, while super major surgical procedures like commando operations require both longer hospital admissions and recovery times. Cancers can occur in areas like:
- Head and Neck Cancers
- Oral cancers
- Thyroid cancers
- Breast cancers
- Lymphomas
- Leukaemia
- Gastrointestinal Cancers
- Liver cancers
- Kidney and related cancers
- Cancers of the uterus, ovary and cervix
- Bone and muscle cancers
- Skin cancers
The worst thing about cancers is that they spread all over our body. They spread directly, through blood stream and through the lymphatic system.
There are many different types of cancers. Depending on their origin or their types, they may be called melanoma, mesothelioma, carcinoma, myoma, sarcoma and so on.
Although the aim of cancer surgery is to completely remove tumours and the area/s or organs where the tumour has spread, it is not possible in many cases because of the spread of the disease. In such cases, palliative surgery is done. This aims to relieve patient’s symptoms like pain and improve function. While most other surgical procedures aim to ‘cut as less as possible’; cancer surgeons have to be more aggressive so as to try and remove not only the cancerous tissue but also a little bit of healthy tissue as well as a safety measure.
Surgery helps remove the major portion of the tumour. It is an effective way of completely treating many types of cancer. However, surgery cannot prevent further growth of cancer. So chemotherapy [medical treatment of cancer] and radiation therapy [treating cancer with radiation] is often done after cancer surgery.
Service and Procedures
In many cancer situations, merely removing the cancer may not be enough. Other surgeries may have to be combined with cancer surgeries to restore functionality and appearance of the patient. For example, removing the lower jaw in mouth cancer is combined with plastic surgery to restore the jaw by grafting bones and muscles from other places of the body. Similarly, breast implants are used in some cases to restore appearance after total removal of breasts due to cancer.Success or failure of cancer surgery will depend on the stage of the cancer. The rule of success is ‘detect early, treat early’. Unfortunately, many cancer patients delay treatment due to lack of knowledge and awareness.
Cancer surgery is also dependent on the staging. This is useful in finding out the size of the tumour and its spread. This along with the results of other laboratory tests help doctors decide on the line of treatment. Primary Surgery or Curative Surgery is the common type of cancer surgery to remove the tumour or affected parts. In some cases, tumour removal can be the only treatment or it can be treated with combination of chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
In current times, preventive surgeries are also done to avoid the development of certain types of cancer. As has been mentioned, cancer surgeries in general are invasive and often result in total removal of the affected organ and tissue surrounding it.
In some situations, minimally invasive surgery is being done through one or more small incisions. Minimally invasive procedures and surgeries are:
- Laparoscopic Surgery: Here the surgeon performs surgery through small incisions in the skin using a lighted tube with a camera and small instrument.
- Endoscopy: The doctor inserts a thin, flexible tube, a light and a camera on the tip into an opening of the body and examines the internal organs. A small portion may be removed for microscopic investigation to diagnose cancer and its type.
- Laser Surgery: A narrow beam of high intensity light is used to literally burn away cancerous tissue.
Doctors - Oncology
Neelima Packages
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